Gasolene-motor



H I. SAWYER.

GASDLENE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-21. 19191 L31&19%

3 SHEETS-"SHEET I.

511M wtoz M Z Jwyw Patent-ed Sept. 16, 1919.

H. I. SAWYER. v GASOLENE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.2I. I919- Patenfed Sept. 16, I919.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

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HOWARD I. SAWYER, OF IPOMEROY, WASHINGTON.

GASOLENE-MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 16, 1919.

Application filed January 21, 1919. Serial No. 272,335.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, HOWARD I. SAWYER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Pomeroy, in the county of Garfield and State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gasolene-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a gasolene motor that possesses great power combined with strength which is light in weight rendering the same practical for use in aeroplanes as well as any other craft where speed is required.

A further object of theinvention is the provision of an explosive motor having an explosive impulse at each extremity of every stroke of the piston providing great power with minimum vibration, the construction being arranged with simple means for utilizing the power generated by the motor.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a gasolene motor, adapted for arrangement either singly or in plurality such as double opposed cylinders, 1t being understood that each cylinder provides two explosive chambers adapted for successive operation at regular intervals.

With these general ob ects in view and others that will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the arrangement of parts hereinafter described in connection with the accompanying drawings and in which like reference characters designate correspondin parts throughout the several views.

%n the drawings, i

Figure 1 is a longltudinal sectional v ew taken through the invention with a portlon of the crank case broken away,

Fig. 2 is an elevational view illustrating a manner of embodying the invention in a double opposed motor,

Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view taken upon an enlarged scale of one of said motors and a portion of the crank I 0 I Fig. 4 is a side elevatlon of the piston,

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view thereof, taken upon line V-V of Fig. 4.

, Fig, 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the piston and cylinder with the cylinder heads removed and taken in a plane at substantlally right angles from the line of section of Fig. 3, and

Fig. 7 is a central sectional View of the outer cylinder head detached. Referring more in detail to the drawings, a single unit ofthe motor will be fully described it being understood that the same may be used either singly, as shown in Flg. 1, double, as shown in Fig. 2, or inany larger numbers desired so that the description of one of the same with the manner of its operative connection with a power shaft will be suflicient for a full understanding of the invention.

This invention consists of improvements upon my internal combustion engine set forth in Letters Patent No. 1,281,669 of October 15, 1918.

I provide an engine cylinder 'lQ having a suitable water channel 11 in the wall thereof for cooling purposes and with diametrically opposed exhaust ports 12. A piston 13 adapted to reciprocate within the chamber 14 of the cylinder 10 is tubular in form having a central partition 15 dividing the interior of the piston into opposite explosion chambers 16. The piston is substantially H-shaped in diametrical longitudinal section with the outer ends of the chambers 18 open, while the partition 15 at the inner ends or bottoms of the ex 10- sion chambers 16' has concaved or dis ed inner faces 17 Opposite exhaust ports 18 are provided through the wall of the piston for each explosion chamber 16, the said ports 18 being oblique with their inner ends terminating adjacent the end faces 17 of the explosion chambers while the outer ends of the exhaust ports 18 are adapted to aline with the inner ends of the ports 12 of the cylinder 10, alternately, at the extremities of the stroke of the piston 13.

Both heads of the cylinder 10 are of the general form illustrated in Fig. 7 of the drawing, this head 18 having a base portion.19 for closing the end of the cylinder and its chamber 1 1- and having a tubular extension 20 projecting into the adjacent explosion chamber 16.

The form of head 18 is herein illustrated as employed at the outer ends of the cylinders in both the single and double motor construction, it being noted that the head 21 at the inner end of the single cylinder motor of Fig. 1, and the head 22 at the inner end of the double motor of Fig. 3, are slightly changed to meet the require-- ments of the different assembling conditions. The inner head 21 of the single cylinder motor has its base portion 23 formed integral with the main portion of the crank casing 24: While the projecting portion 25 of the head 21 enters the adjacent explosion chamber 16 of the piston 13. A cap 26 is provided for closing the crank case 24 and the water-cooling space 27 of the head 21 is adapted to communicate with the water space 11 of the'eylinder in a similar manner as the Water space 28 of the outer head 18 communicates therewith. It will be un derstood that the crank case 21 may be formed separate from the base 23 of the inner head of the motor as illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings which provides the separate crank case 24 secured to the base portion 23 of the inner head 22.

Suitable packing rings 29 are provided in annular grooves 30 around the piston 13 spaced from the opposite ends of the piston While a similar packing 31 is provided centrally thereof wlthin an annular groove 32. A packing 33 is provided in an annular groove 34 adjacent the free end of the extension 20 of the outer head 18 for rendering the outer explosive chamber 16 gastight while similar packings 35 are provided adjacent the free ends of the inner heads 21 and 22 for rendering the inner explosive chambers 16 gas-tight.

Similar threaded perforations 36 are provided through the inner closed ends of the cylinder heads adapted to receive any deslred form of spark plugs 37 as shown in Fig. 1 and 38 as shown in Fig. 3. The extensions of the cylinder heads being normally open at their outer ends, facilitates the insertion and removal of the spark plugs as Well as the provision of electrical connections therefor in the usual manner of internal combustion engines, it being noted however that a closure cap 39 may be provided therefor if desired as herein illustrated at the inner end of the head 22 in Fig.3. The inner end of the cylinder being adjacent-the crank case of the motor is preferably closed for preventing the lubricating oil of the crank case from entering the interior of the head and short circuiting the spark plug such as 38 positioned therein. When the cap 39 is employed, suitable means are provided to accommodate the circuit wires for the spark plug 38 such as a conduit 40 extending. to the exterior of the cylinder head for positioning wires therethrough.

A gasolene manifold 41 is provided for each cylinder 10 having the carburetor -12 with check valve connections 43 at the free ends of the branches of the manifold 4.1 pcsitioned in notches 14: at the opposite ends of the cylinder 10. When the cylinder heads are positioned upon the opposite ends of the cylinder overlying the notches 4A, suitable openings or passages are provided for the entrance of the explosive mixture from the gasolene manifold to the opposite end portions of the cylinder chamber 14. By reason of the positions of the extensions of the heads Within the cylinder ends, these gas receiving chambers are annular in form within which the end portions of the piston 13 are adapted to operate.

Inlet ports 45 preferably six in number are provided adjacent the outer ends of the explosion chambers 16 communicating with longitiulinal inlet passages 4L6 in the wall of the piston 13, said passages terminating in inlet ports 47 opening in the outer face of the plston 13 adjacent the opposite end thereof from the ports 45.

Longitudinal grooves e18 are provided in the inner wall of the cylinder 10 adjacent ts opposite ends permitting the gas with- 11]. the end portions of the chamber 11 to enter the ports 47 and pass through the passages 16 and ports 45 into the explosion chamber 16 at the opposite end of the piston as best illustrated in Fig. (3 of the draw- 1ng. Longitudinal bores 19 may also be provided in the piston 10 for rendering the same hght in weight and it will be seen that the inlet ports +17 are positioned inwardly of the end packing rin s 29 of the piston and that the piston is (ilosely fitted for movement in the cylinder 10.

in operation, the movements of the piston 13 draw the explosive mixture from the carbureter 12 into the end portions of the cylinder chamber 14 and the stroke of the piston compressing the mixture forces the same through the ports 47, passages to and ports i5 into the opposite explosion chamber 16 while the next stroke of the piston com- )resses the charge in said explosion chamcr and when the piston reaches the inward extremity of its stroke, the explosive mixture within the chamber 16 will be under the greatest compression and the timing mechanism, not shown, will cause the spark plug to ignite the charge for exploding the same and forcing the piston in the opposite direction. It will be seen that the exhaust 'lll ports 18 as well as the inlet ports l will he cated by the inner chamber 16 in Fig. 1 of the drawings and the outer explosion chamher as shown in Fig. 3 thereof.

The force of the incoming charge into the explosion chambers throng the open ports forces the products of combustion through the outlet ports 18 and 12 at alter-- hate strokesof the piston so that one of the explosion chambers 16 o crate at each move- -ment of the piston 13, t e explosions in the opposite cylinders being alternate and continuous durlng the running of the motor.

Perforated wehs are provided in the ends of the cylinder 10 adapted to connect with web ortions 51 of the cylinder heads in any suitable manner for retaining the heads upon. the cylinder.

The power of thepiston 13 is communicated to the crank shaft '52 by. a storm of connection illustrated in Figs. l and 3 of the drawings. A'rectangular frame or head 53 formed in two parts retained together bolts 54 maintains a sliding block 55 therein.

while the wrist portion 56 of the shaft 52 is journaled in the block 55. duitahle connections between the piston 13 and the frame 53 are illustrated in Fig. l or the drawings as opposite piston rods 57- slidahiyextending through stulhnp; boxes 58 in inner head 23 and longitudinally through the plston l3 with the inner ends of the rods 57 threaded sill threaded into inserts or sockets til provided.

in the adjacent end of the piston 10. lit will be seen that the reciprooations of the trains 58 causes the jbloclr 55 to slidelongitudinally within the frame, thereby turning the crank 56 and revolving the shaft 52., in the double opposed motor, the jlrame 53 is operatively connected to the pistons l3 or the oppositecylinder lllhy having the piston rods 57 duplicated in a manner "which will be evident. The cranlr shait is journaled through the opposite sides o:t' the crankcase and may he provided with a ournaling bracket in the single oylinden structure as illustrated in Fig. 1 1f desire/d. I

" This motor is serviceable for either light or heavy use, the number and size of the cylinders being entirely optional so that its employment in air and water craltt as,,well as haust ports, and further having' a notched- -'ends of the cylinder adapted for jacent each end thereof, a head secured to closed at the time of the explosions as indithe opposite ends of the cylinder having inwardly projecting tubular extensions, a tubular piston reoiprooatinglymounted within said cylinder with said extensions projecting into the opposite ends of the piston forming opposite explosion chamhers the piston, compression chambers adjacent the ends of the cylinder adapted :tor reception of explosive mixture through said. notches, the piston haying exhaust ports and inlet ports for each explosion charoher thereof, a central partition within the piston adjacent the inner ends of the exhaust port-ea check valve communicating with each of said notches, a gasolene manifold tor said "Vttl'WBS, a carburetor for said manifold and rods secured to said piston. and extending ontwardly of the cylinder.

2. An explosive motor comprising a Water-jacketed cylinder having opposite enhanst ports, and further having a notch adjacent each end thereof, a head. secured to the opposite ends of the cylinder having in wardly projecting; tuhular extensions, tubular piston reciprocatinpgly mounted. with in said. cylinder with said extensions project.

till

forming; opposite explosion chamhers in the piston, compression chambers scent the the reception of explosive mixture through said notches, a central partition within the pinton between said explosion chamhcrs,

oblique exhaust ports through the walls of each explosion chamber adapted to communicate with the exhaust ports at the cylinder at alternate strolres oat thepiston, the piston being provided with inlet ports adjacent its opposite ends adapted to communicate with the incoming charge and with the passages longitudinally through the piston to the oppositely positioned explosion chambersgthereof, ignition means extending through the said extensions into said exzplosion chamhers, a checlr "valve communicating" with each of said notches. a gasolene manifold for said values, a carhureter said manifold and rods secured to said piston and extending outwardly of the cylinder.

3. fan. explosive motor comprising" a cylindelhavinp; end notches, a tubular piston slidably mounted in the cylinder having a central partition dividing the interior of the piston into opposite explosion chamhers, heads secured. upon the opposite ends of the cylinder overlying said notches, and having tuhular extensions fitting within said explosion chambers, ignition means carried by said extensions, the, said piston having a plurality of passagesported through the outer face adjacent the opposite ends of the piston and through the inner itace of the piston into said opposite explosion chamhers, the inner Wall of the cylinder having grooves communicating with the outer ported ends of said' passages when the piston approaches the opposite extremities of its stroke, exhaust ports for said piston, and cylinder, means for supplying explosive mixture to said notches, a crank case at one end of the cylinder, stufing boxes through the emme adjacent head of the cylinder, rods slidably positioned through said stuffing boxes With 10 their inner ends secured to the piston and shaft connections Within the crank case for the opposite ends'of the rods.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HOWARD I. SAVTYER. 

